Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF SPDR S&P 500 ETF SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF

6m (24w) ahead

Top Predictive Factors

Causally predictive factors for the values of the selected instruments at the time point 6m (24w) away.

United Parcel Service

2025-03-18T23:42:24.934499 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

Duke Energy

2025-03-18T23:42:24.955721 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

NextEra Energy

2025-03-18T23:42:24.977201 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

General Electric

2025-03-18T23:42:25.004476 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

as of

Our Probabilistic Prediction

We train a group of models, each predicting a set of possible outcomes for the time point 6m (24w) away. Below are all predictions as of .

2025-03-18T23:42:25.264971 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
Goodness of Probabilistic Prediction
2025-03-18T23:42:25.586991 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

On each target date of the above sample, we read out the realised probability level then test the hypothesis that they follow the uniform distribution between 0 and 1, when the prediction is generally done well (whitepaper). The user is free to use any significance level e.g. 0.001, 0.01, 0.05 for the test.

Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF

🟢 p-value: 0.001 > 0.001

2025-03-18T23:42:25.710227 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
2025-03-18T23:42:26.533167 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
Goodness of Probabilistic Prediction
2025-03-18T23:42:26.727773 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

On each target date of the above sample, we read out the realised probability level then test the hypothesis that they follow the uniform distribution between 0 and 1, when the prediction is generally done well (whitepaper). The user is free to use any significance level e.g. 0.001, 0.01, 0.05 for the test.

SPDR S&P 500 ETF

🔴 p-value: 0.0 < 0.001

2025-03-18T23:42:26.852599 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
2025-03-18T23:42:27.668226 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
Goodness of Probabilistic Prediction
2025-03-18T23:42:27.870110 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

On each target date of the above sample, we read out the realised probability level then test the hypothesis that they follow the uniform distribution between 0 and 1, when the prediction is generally done well (whitepaper). The user is free to use any significance level e.g. 0.001, 0.01, 0.05 for the test.

SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF

🟢 p-value: 0.175 > 0.001

2025-03-18T23:42:28.004807 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

Trades

Next-Day Position

Each model casts a vote "up", "down" or "undecided" on the direction of change from the calculation time to the time point 6m (24w) away. The signal is the majority vote. As each signal output over the recent 6m (24w) concerns the next day, the next-day position is the average of the signals calculated over the last 6m (24w).

% Up % Down % Un­de­cided
Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF 77% 1% 22%
SPDR S&P 500 ETF 81% 0% 19%
SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF 96% 0% 4%

with respect to the time point respectively,

Time Value
Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF Tue 2025-03-18 UTC 474.54
SPDR S&P 500 ETF Tue 2025-03-18 UTC 561.02
SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Tue 2025-03-18 UTC 416.53

Performance of Past Trades

The Sharpe ratio is calculated on returns measured as the difference between values rather than in percentage, assuming zero trading cost.

Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF
Active Buy-and-Hold
Sharpe ratio
(the higher the better)
0.87 1.05
Solvency II Value-at-Risk 99.5%
(the lower the better)
- -
2025-03-18T23:42:26.187475 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
SPDR S&P 500 ETF
Active Buy-and-Hold
Sharpe ratio
(the higher the better)
1.12 1.08
Solvency II Value-at-Risk 99.5%
(the lower the better)
- -
2025-03-18T23:42:27.312760 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF
Active Buy-and-Hold
Sharpe ratio
(the higher the better)
0.79 0.81
Solvency II Value-at-Risk 99.5%
(the lower the better)
- -
2025-03-18T23:42:28.470425 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/