Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF SPDR S&P 500 ETF SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF

6m (24w) ahead

Top Predictive Factors

Causally predictive factors for the values of the selected instruments at the time point 6m (24w) away.

The Walt Disney Company

2026-04-18T16:52:54.193006 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

Nvidia Corporation

2026-04-18T16:52:54.212460 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

U.S. / U.K. Foreign Exchange Rate GBPUSD

2026-04-18T16:52:54.231010 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

Ford Motor Company

2026-04-18T16:52:54.250430 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

as of

Our Probabilistic Prediction

We train a group of models, each predicting a set of possible outcomes for the time point 6m (24w) away. Below are all predictions as of .

2026-04-18T16:52:55.566395 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
Goodness of Probabilistic Prediction

For any date, the prediction plotted in graded colored bars are calculated 6m (24w) prior to that date. We test the hypothesis that it follow the uniform distribution between 0 and 1 on each sample of realised probability levels taken 6m (24w) apart (whitepaper). If the computed p-value for any sample is below a pre-set threshold, the hypothesis is rejected. Below is the sample producing the lowest p-value.

2026-04-18T16:52:55.788520 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

🟢 p-value: 0.01 > 0.001

2026-04-18T16:52:55.920760 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
2026-04-18T16:52:57.943612 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
Goodness of Probabilistic Prediction

For any date, the prediction plotted in graded colored bars are calculated 6m (24w) prior to that date. We test the hypothesis that it follow the uniform distribution between 0 and 1 on each sample of realised probability levels taken 6m (24w) apart (whitepaper). If the computed p-value for any sample is below a pre-set threshold, the hypothesis is rejected. Below is the sample producing the lowest p-value.

2026-04-18T16:52:58.182315 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

🟢 p-value: 0.003 > 0.001

2026-04-18T16:52:58.313596 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
2026-04-18T16:52:59.601269 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
Goodness of Probabilistic Prediction

For any date, the prediction plotted in graded colored bars are calculated 6m (24w) prior to that date. We test the hypothesis that it follow the uniform distribution between 0 and 1 on each sample of realised probability levels taken 6m (24w) apart (whitepaper). If the computed p-value for any sample is below a pre-set threshold, the hypothesis is rejected. Below is the sample producing the lowest p-value.

2026-04-18T16:52:59.847208 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

🟢 p-value: 0.034 > 0.001

2026-04-18T16:52:59.987400 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/

Trades

Next-Day Position

Each model casts a vote "up", "down" or "undecided" on the direction of change from the calculation time to the time point 6m (24w) away. The signal is the net vote (percentage of "up" votes minus percentage of "down" votes). As each signal output over the recent 6m (24w) concerns the next day, the next-day position is the average of the signals calculated over the last 6m (24w).

% Up % Down % Un­de­cided
Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF 42% 3% 55%
SPDR S&P 500 ETF 76% 1% 24%
SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF 85% 1% 14%

with respect to the time point respectively,

Time Value
Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF Wed 2026-04-15 UTC 637.4
SPDR S&P 500 ETF Wed 2026-04-15 UTC 699.94
SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Wed 2026-04-15 UTC 484.72

Performance of Past Trades

The Sharpe ratio is calculated on returns measured as the difference between values rather than in percentage, assuming zero trading cost.

Invesco Nasdaq-100 ETF
Active Buy-and-Hold
Sharpe ratio
(the higher the better)
1.04 1.14
Solvency II Value-at-Risk 99.5%
(the lower the better)
19.21 -
2026-04-18T16:52:56.525099 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
SPDR S&P 500 ETF
Active Buy-and-Hold
Sharpe ratio
(the higher the better)
1.03 1.1
Solvency II Value-at-Risk 99.5%
(the lower the better)
- -
2026-04-18T16:52:58.914917 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/
SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF
Active Buy-and-Hold
Sharpe ratio
(the higher the better)
0.79 0.82
Solvency II Value-at-Risk 99.5%
(the lower the better)
0.15 1.23
2026-04-18T16:53:00.657035 image/svg+xml Matplotlib v3.7.3, https://matplotlib.org/